This directory contains short programs that I have written, each of them explicitly licensed as free software. All of the short programs I write and release should be considered free software, but I have included licenses in these so that, if you find this particular version of a program, there will be no question about its status. I do not explicitly license very short programs, such as the 32-character programs in my Concrete Perl series. Short phrases are not afforded copyright protection in the United States, and it's hard to imagine a 32-character program as anything but a short phrase. -Nick Montfort